Historically, I have never been one to sacrifice for flavor. This is part of the reason I struggle to be a full-time vegetarian (the other being my slightly hypochondriac fear of getting various nutrient deficiencies). So you may be surprised when I tell you that, for many baking applications, you should use ground flax seeds instead of eggs,
even when you're baking for omnivores.
Now you may ask--why on Earth would
anyone suggest such a thing? I bet flax seeds are super expensive and hard to find, you say. I don't want to go through any super complicated procedures--I just want some damn cookies, now. Plus, it probably tastes much worse. Right?
Well, you're wrong on all counts, dear reader. Allow me to explain.
The Cost
Believe it or not, when used as an egg substitute, flax seed is actually slightly
cheaper than eggs. In fact, depending on where you get your eggs, it could be drastically cheaper. It should never be substantially more expensive.
According to
this webpage from the American Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), Grade A eggs can cost anywhere from around $1.20-$2.10, depending on the location and time of year. That means, if we assume conservatively (and for the sake of nice numbers) that eggs cost $1.20 a dozen, one egg will cost you around $0.10, at the least.
(If you live in the UK or somewhere else, I encourage you to do your own research; I may make an update of this post for the UK and/or Australia soon. If you would like to know the information for your country, you're welcome to request it in the comments or email me, and I'd be more than happy to help, although you might find the information more quickly just by googling around a little.)
I couldn't find any official government data on the price of flax seeds, but fortunately flax seeds are freely available for sale on the internet. They can cost as little as
$0.22 per ounce on Amazon, in bulk, and as much as
$0.51 per ounce in smaller quantities. Now, according to our handy dandy nutrition label, 2 tablespoons of ground flax weighs around 13 grams. In most applications,
one flax egg (explained below) uses 1 T of flax, which should be 13/2 = 6.5g. Six and a half grams is around .23 oz. And .23 oz of flax seed, depending on where you get it, will cost anywhere between $0.
05 to $.12. So, in the vast majority of cases, recalling that our estimate of $0.10 per egg was extremely conservative, flax is cheaper per use in baking than eggs are.
The Shelf Life
Now, you may be wondering: "Sure, it may technically be cheaper, Mr. Math person, but I'm never going to use flax seed. Even if it really does taste better in baked goods, (which by the way you haven't argued at all yet), I'm not going to use it for anything else. On the other hand, I typically have an omelet/frittata/5 dozen raw eggs in a glass for breakfast. If I only bake eventually, that flax seed will go bad long before I'm done with it, whereas the eggs will be gone before they've even started to get comfy in my fridge."
It may be the case, dear reader, that you don't have any other use for flax seed. You scoff at the people who put it on their yogurt or oatmeal. Why would you ruin a perfectly good breakfast with flax? I'm inclined to agree with you, but there's really no reason to worry.
Flax seed has a really long shelf life. It's probably even worth it to buy it at the wonderfully low $0.05 an egg in bulk, because, as long as you have room in your fridge or freezer, it'll last basically forever (about six months; though I've had mine for at least that time and am still using it with no issues or funny smells whatsoever.) A single bag takes up like half the space of a carton of 12 eggs and contains about 70 eggs' worth of flax. Talk about space-saving. There's practically no resource you're not saving now.
The Baking
"Okay, smartypants," you say, laughing, "Maybe flax eggs are cheaper. And maybe they will make my life easier. I can take less last-minute trips to the grocery store and not worry about drinking all the eggs in the fridge from a cold glass for breakfast. But, honestly, are these things actually going to
work?"
Well, dear reader, they actually will. Mind you, they won't work for everything: I've never tried it with pate-a-choux (which I can't even make omnivore-style, let alone egg and dairy free), cakes, or ice cream, although ice cream doesn't require eggs and there's some great cake recipes that just happen
not to call for eggs anyway. But if you're like me, and the vast majority of your bakescapades involve either cookies or brownies, you're in luck.
I've tested many cookie and brownie recipes with flax eggs instead of real eggs, and, although I have yet to compare the two side-by-side, no one I've offered the treats to has been able to tell the difference. When it comes to binding--which is most of what eggs do in most cookie and brownie recipes--flax seed does a damn good job with a very neutral-tasting flavor.
And, finally, flax seed is very easy to use--just put a tablespoon of flax in 2-3 tablespoons of water, let it sit on the counter for five to ten minutes, and add it to the rest of your ingredients.
The Benefits
"Right, but, I'm not a cheapskate, I usually have eggs around anyway, and frankly, I don't want to be considered a crazy hippie. Why should I use flax seed? It only costs a few cents and a few more cubic inches of fridge space to use real eggs. And I can use them in cake, and pancakes. Really, what's the point?"
Well, dear reader, there are two: health benefits and humane and environmental benefits.
It so happens that flax seed is pretty much hands down better for you than eggs. Per 1 tablespoon (the amount in a flax egg), it has half as many calories. It also has 0mg cholesterol (compared to 65% DV in eggs, 0g saturated fat, and is rich in healthy omega-3 fatty acids.
I'm no nutritionist. I can guess that if you're watching your waistline, that's probably all a plus, although it honestly won't make that much of a difference if you're eating a sugar-loaded cookie.
But flax eggs are
monumentally better for chickens, other humans, and the environment. For a full run down on both the ethical and environmental issues surrounding egg farming (as well as meat farming), I'd suggest Jonathan Safran Foer's
Eating Animals. To sum it up: egg farming causes immediate pollution which can be a danger to surrounding humans and horribly mistreats the chickens involved (they usually have less than 88 square inches of space, less than a standard-sized sheet of paper, even when they are advertised as "cage-free"). I couldn't find definitive data on the climate impact of flax seeds, but according to
this chart eggs are, while below meat, well above all featured plant products in their total life-cycle CO2 emissions per kilogram.
Plus, honestly, most of my family doesn't eat eggs, and I don't eat them very often, so it's nice to have something for baking that lasts a lot longer. If you have a similar circumstance, or live somewhere with a communal fridge from which eggs will disappear the moment you take your eyes off of them, or something else like that--it might just be more convenient to use these little ground-up seeds to make that next batch of Christmas cookies.
Questions or comments? Leave a comment in the comments section! (that's what it's there for, silly)